The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
In the last years, several methods based on fluorescence spectroscopy have been proposed to investigate different aspects related to biodiesel industry for presenting some advantages such as simplicity, reliability, low-cost and real-time analysis. Nevertheless, the excitation light, depending on its beam intensity, may induce by itself sample degradation during the monitoring due to the low oxidative...
Zeolite 13X was synthesized from palm oil mill fly ash (POMFA) using an alkaline fusion method. A zeolite 13X yield of 85% was obtained at a mass ratio of NaOH/(SiO2 and Al2O3 precursors) of 1.6, a fusion temperature of 600°C and a fusion time of 60min. Acid activation was performed on the zeolite 13X product in order to enhance its CO2 adsorption capacity. Acid activation with 4–8MHCl for 4h produced...
In this study, a CFD model is developed to evaluate the performance of an industrial boiler furnace running on sugarcane bagasse. The model was developed in the commercial software ANSYS FLUENT and includes user-defined functions programmed in C language defining devolatilization phenomenon as well as combustion on the grate. The simulation results suggests that devolatilization is the dominant phenomenon...
We report on a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) method to analyze naphthenic acids (NAs), from petrochemical samples, using 9-aminoacridine (9-AA) and a proton sponge 1,8-bis(dimethylamino) naphthalene (DMAN), as matrices. Singly charged deprotonated molecules of NAs, [M−H]−, dominated the negative ion MALDI mass spectra. The negative ions were...
We report on the design and first-ever experimental demonstration of a 3kW pressurized solar reactor for thermochemically converting carbonaceous feedstocks into gaseous fuels. It uses a windowless SiC cavity to efficiently absorb and transfer concentrated solar radiation to an annular gas-particle vortex flow created by injecting tangentially a charcoal/water slurry at high pressures. Experiments...
The geochemical changes and the behaviors of the hazardous elements during the weathering of coal ash are not well known despite the potential toxicity of the hazardous elements leached from the ashes. In this work, ashes disposed in ash ponds were collected from different depths to investigate the effects of weathering on the geochemical changes and the mobilities of hazardous elements. The mineral...
This study focuses on the relative importance of O2 and OH as oxidizers of soot during the late cycle in diesel engines, where the soot oxidation is characterized in an optically accessible engine using laser extinction measurements. These are combined with in-cylinder gas sampling data from a single-cylinder engine fitted with a fast gas-sampling valve. Both measurements confirm that the in-cylinder...
The effects of molecular weight on the pyrolysis products properties of alkali lignin were investigated by using thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR) and tube furnace. Four lignin samples, including pure alkali lignin (AL), more than 10kDa lignin fraction (AL-10kDa), 5–10kDa lignin fraction (AL-5kDa) and 1–5kDa lignin fraction (AL-1kDa) were firstly...
This paper presents the 2nd part of a study on low temperature diffusive combustion in a small HSDI (High Speed Direct Injection) engine with the objective of avoiding simultaneously NOX and soot formation, aiming to extend the range of operation conditions where this combustion strategy has been achieved and. Also, it was intended to reduce CO and HC emissions, considered very high in the 1st part...
Adsorptive desulfurization (ADS) of hydrocarbon fuels at ambient pressure over TiO2 adsorbents following an ex-situ one-time UV-treatment have been investigated in this work. Based on our previous study, TiO2 adsorbent showed high adsorptive capacity (5.63mgS/g adsorbent) when UV-treatment was applied in-situ during the adsorption step. In the current study, Ultra-violet (λ=365nm) treatment at 2.0mW/cm...
Syntheses of ethanol based biodiesel fuel fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) from corn oil were conducted at subcritical ethanol conditions (T: 175–225°C, P: 80–200bar) with the presence of trace amount of catalysts (0.1wt% sulfuric acid, 0.05 and 0.1wt% potassium ethoxide, based on oil mass). Experiments were conducted in a continuous tubular 316SS reactor. Potassium ethoxide showed a stronger catalytic...
The process, where brown coal is extruded after mechanical kneading and then allowed to air dry slowly to form a product known as ‘densified coal’, was applied to reduce the moisture content of two Victorian brown coals. NaOH at different concentrations (0–1.5M) was used as an additive in the kneading step. The spontaneous combustion propensity of the densified products was evaluated and compared...
Yellow grease from restaurants is typically waste cooking oil (WCO) that is free from suspended food particles and with free fatty acid (FFA) content less than 15%. This study proposes an approach to formulate a renewable, eco-friendly fuel by recycling WCO with diesel (D) and n-pentanol (P) to improve fuel-spray characteristics. Three ternary blends (D50-WCO45-P5, D50-WCO40-P10 and D50-WCO30-P20)...
Glycerol, a byproduct derived from the production of biodiesel, is currently in oversupply because of the increase of biodiesel production. One approach to alleviate this problem is to transform glycerol into valuable chemicals or energy. Catalytic steam reforming of glycerol to produce hydrogen (a promising energy vector) could be a valuable option; however efficient catalysts are still under study...
As the fast depletion of coal resources, exploring the value-added utilization approaches of low rank coals or their components and, in parallel, promoting the conversion of sustainable resources (such as biomass) into useful chemicals are critical issues facing human society. In this work, we used humic acids (HAs), an abundant material in nature (mainly derived from low rank coals), and the transition...
This study applied artificial neural networks (ANN) for constructing the correlation between biomass constituents and the kinetic parameters (activation energy (Ea), pre-exponential factor (k0) and reaction order (n)) of biomass pyrolysis. Three ANN models were developed, one for each of the three kinetic parameters. A total of 150 experimental thermogravimetric analyses from a diverse range of biomass...
The quenching distances of the stoichiometric ethylene-air mixture diluted with argon, nitrogen or carbon dioxide of variable mole fractions within 0.04 and 0.50 were measured at various initial pressures between 20 and 110kPa using inductive-capacitive sparks produced between flanged electrodes. The pressure dependence of the quenching distance was described by a power function and the corresponding...
The techno-economics for producing liquid fuels from Maine forest residues were determined from a combination of: (1) laboratory experiments at USDA-ARS’s Eastern Regional Research Center using hog fuel (a secondary woody residue produced from mill byproducts such as sawdust, bark and shavings) as a feedstock for pyrolysis to establish product yields and composition, and (2) Aspen Plus® process simulation...
Positive-ion mode atmospheric pressure photoionization, APPI(+), with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR MS) was coupled to a Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression and genetic algorithm variable selection (GA-PLS) methods to estimate the API gravity and Conradson Carbon Residue of Colombian crude oil and vacuum residues (VR) samples. It was observed compositional differences...
Jet fuel with chilling point not higher than 60°C below zero and arctic diesel fuel with cold filter plugin point not higher than 44°C below zero are produced in the isodewaxing process developed by VNII NP JSC based on non-noble metal catalyst (NiMo/ZSM-11/mordenite). Resulting in pilot scale tests with isodewaxing catalyst load 65cm3 during 170h possibility of stable production of fuels met to regulation...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.